ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics and influencing factors for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (SMA) infection in Sanya and analyze the drug resistance so as to provide guidance for prevention and control of infection in medical institutions. METHODS: The hospitalization data were collected from the patients with SMA infection who were hospitalized in three tertiary general hospitals of Sanya from 2016 to 2020. The characteristics of SMA infection and influencing factors for respiratory tract and non-respiratory tract SMA infection were retrospectively analyzed, and the result of drug susceptibility testing was observed. RESULTS: A total of 753 case times of patients had SMA infection, including 606 (80.48%) case times of respiratory tract infection and 147 (19.52%) case times of non-respiratory tract infection. The isolation rate was the highest in respiratory medicine department (16.73%), followed by critical care medicine department (15.67%) and neurosurgery department (12.35%). The percentages of the patients with advanced age, complications with hypertension and pulmonary diseases, tracheotomy were the higher in the respiratory tract infection group than in the non-respiratory tract infection group (P < 0.05);while the percentages of the patients with malignant tumors, bacteremia, surgery, urinary tract intubation, low immunity and use of antibiotics and immunosuppressants were the higher in the non-respiratory tract infection group than in the respiratory tract infection group (P < 0.05). The result of drug susceptibility testing showed that the drug resistance rate of the SMA strains to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim was only 2.39%, while the drug resistance rate to ceftazidime was as high as 74.50%. CONCLUSION: The major influencing factors for the respiratory tract SMA infection include pulmonary diseases, hypertension, advanced age and tracheotomy;the influencing factors for the non-respiratory tract SMA infection include malignant tumors, low immunity, long-term excessive use of immunosuppressants and broad-spectrum antibiotics, bacteremia, surgery and urinary tract intubation. The SMA strains isolated from the city are highly sensitive to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim but are highly resistant to ceftazidime and chloramphenicol. It is necessary for the hospital to reasonably use antibiotics based on the result of drug susceptibility testing.